The Kashmiri hand-knotted rugs are among the finest and most valuable handicrafts from the Himalayan region of Kashmir. They are not just home decor objects they share stories about the land, people, and traditions of the area. The process of creating a Kashmiri carpet can be slow and tedious and consists of fine wool, silk, and, at times, cotton, which is all hand-knotted.
Carpets have been crafted in this area for over 500 years, with the craft being brought to Kashmir by Persian craftsman during the reign of Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin in the 15th century. Kashmiri carpets are now renowned all over the globe for their intricate patterns, deep colors, and soft texture. The carpets also received a Geographical Indication (GI) tag to help establish their character and exclusivity.
They are memory-makers and gifts which are passed on from generation to generation for family pride. Anyone with an original Kashmiri carpet, owns a piece of history and art.
History of Kashmiri Hand-Knotted Carpets
Kashmiri carpets have a rich history dating back to the 15th century when Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin invited weavers to Kashmir from Persia, Central Asia, and brought local artisans into the craft. The Mughal rule initiated by Emperor Akbar allowed for the art to flourish, with Persian designs adapted to Kashmiri styles. The local name for carpets is “Kal baffi,” and carpets were regarded highly not only in India, but the entire world, for the quality and intricacy of the design.
Carpet weaving floors used looms with two horizontal beams, vertically adjusted, and had supports made of simple wooden combs and small scissors.
There were no permament designs used for the art form- the craft was challenged in two primary ways: one- each weaver learned by watching, orally from the guru, and through the empty memory and two- due to lack of an absence creating designs, each carpet was different at the time of its completion.
The common designs represented personal or religious traditions that typically utilized floral designs of leaf and petal motifs as well as paisley (buta), and motifs containing mystical references, such as the Tree of Life or lotus or lotus.
Significance of Kashmiri Hand-Knotted Carpets
Kashmiri carpets are significant and important for a few reasons:
They are a testament to the culture, skill, and imagination of the people of Kashmir.
The income generated from these carpets means the significant amount of craftsmen, artisans, and families depend on them to support their families.
Kashmiri carpets received a GI, meaning the role of the carpet is protected from imitation. This means knowing that you are getting an authentic Kashmiri carpet.
Kashmiri carpets represent luxury, location, tradition, and artistic beauty enabling carpets to be a valuable and sought-after possession in homes around the world.
Many other crafts have GI tags from Kashmir, such as Papier Mache, Pashmina, Sozni, Kani, Khatamband, and Walnut Wood Carving, but the hand-knotted carpet is especially notable as a traditional craft with the best craftsmanship and history associated with it.
How Kashmiri Hand-Knotted Carpets Are Manufactured
Months of hard work, patience, and skill go into making a Kashmir carpet.
The Changthangi sheep herd graze in the cold, clean, and dry location of Ladakh and provide the finest wool.
The wool is washed, carded, and spun by hand.
Weavers use a vertical loom called a “khaddar” on which they tie each knot around warp threads using special tools.
The designs used are traditional designs that are passed down orally in families, no written records.
After weaving is complete the carpet is trimmed, washed, and checked for even patterns.
Each rug has a knot density, yarn type, and design that make it unique. Typical knot types are Persian Sinneh and Farsi baff.
Designs and Symbolism
Kashmiri carpets are known to tell the stories of their designs.
- Floral designs: Compliments beauty and peace.
- Paisley/buta: Symbolizes fertility and life.
- Tree of Life: Infers growth and family.
- Lotus flower: Represents purity.
The colors are often blue, red, gold, and cream which use natural dyes. No two carpets are the same because each weaver adds their personal touch and family tradition.
Where to Buy Kashmiri Hand-Knotted Carpets
If you’re looking to buy a genuine Kashmiri carpet, it’s important to buy from trusted stores that are reputable. There are many stores in Kashmir and other top Indian cities, as well as online.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1. What is a Kashmiri hand-knotted carpet?
A Kashmiri hand-knotted carpet is a carpet made in Kashmir using thousands of tiny knots, hand-tied, usually with beautiful designs and feel soft.
Q2. What is so special about Kashmiri carpets?
Kashmisri carpets are made from natural silk and wool, have traditional designs, and the fact they are hand-knotted with so much care, when you buy a carpet it is a unique piece of art, plus they will last for very many years, providing daily use.
Q3. How do I know if it is an original carpet?
Look for a GI tag, a certificate of authenticity, be sure to purchase the carpet from trusted shops or online sellers.
Q4. Can I use Kashmiri carpets every day?
Real Kashmiri carpets are durable carpets, so yes. It is good to keep carpets away from heavy dirt and direct sunlight to enjoy for a longer time.
Conclusion
Oftentimes referred to as Kashmir carpets, the appeal found in the centuries old hand-knotted rugs of Kashmir extend beyond a means of covering the floor. They reflect, in an as is state, the beauty of tradition, hard work, and family history. The designs great rugs created over generations tell the histories of the people of Kashmir and their hopes and dreams. Whether the purpose is luxury, artwork, or cultural, possessing a Kashmir rug is a tapestry of bringing something of Kashmir into a home.